Free Essays on John Fitzgerald Kennedy

Dyspraxia

The term dyspraxia gets from the Greek work praxis, which means â€Å"movement process† (Dworkin, 2005). It is a turmoil that influences engine ability advancement. Individuals with dyspraxia experience difficulty arranging and finishing fine engine assignments. This can shift from straightforward engine errands, for example, waving farewell to increasingly complex undertakings like brushing teeth. Consistently, dyspraxia has additionally been called innate maladriotness, formative coordination issue, ungainly youngster condition and tangible mix issue (Hamilton, 2011). The primary archived inquire about in â€Å"poor solid coordination in children† was in 1926 by Louisa Lippitt.She built up a manual for restorative aerobatic for ladies to help right coordination issues. Lippitt felt that the coordination issues were a state of the sensory system and was one of the first to need to treat it with restorative measures (Cermak and Larkin, 2002). The term Dyspraxia was firs t recorded and given a name in 1937 in the U. K. by Samuel T. Orton, who called it formative dyspraxia. He was a nervous system specialist and he felt that dyspraxia was brought about by sores in the cerebrum, particularly to the rule half of the globe of the brain.The innovation accessible at the time couldn't demonstrate or refute his speculations. Most researchers since have limited his view, and rather trust it to be an issue with neural associations. All things being equal, his work was significant in light of the fact that he was the first to take note of that dyspraxia caused issues with complex development and could include discourse just as body developments (Platt, 2011). In the USA, dyspraxia was first given acknowledgment in 1947, through crafted by Strauss and Lehtinen. They distributed research and were viewed as pioneers in the perception of social qualities of what they named â€Å"the cerebrum harmed child†.Lehtinen was really one of the first to utilize the term â€Å"learning disabilities† (Kass and Maddux, 2005). In 1975, individuals started to call it â€Å"Clumsy Child Syndrome† and kids who had the confusion were called â€Å"Clumsy Children†. This term is presently viewed as wrong, as it depicts the kid and not the development and has negative undertones (Hamilton, 2011). There are four classes of dyspraxia. They incorporate ideomotor dyspraxia, ideational dyspraxia, oromotor dyspraxia and constructional dyspraxia. Ideaomotor dyspraxia is the failure to finish single step engine undertakings like waving farewell or brushing one’s hair.Ideational dyspraxia is trouble with multi-step assignments like creation a bed or fastening and zipping pants. Oromotor dyspraxia has to do with discourse in that it introduces itself as a trouble organizing the muscle developments expected to state words. In conclusion, constructional dyspraxia is trouble with spatial connections like moving items starting with one spot then onto the next (NCLD Editorial Staff, 2010). Dyspraxia likewise introduces itself contrastingly in various age gatherings. In infants and little youngsters, it very well may be viewed as a trouble figuring out how to walk or jump.It can likewise appear as a trouble in talking and being comprehended. Likewise, some little youngsters will be delayed to build up left or right handedness. Small kids with dyspraxia may appear to be cumbersome and much of the time chance upon things. Infants and kids might be effectively bothered by contact, similar to the sentiment of certain textures on their skin (NCLD Editorial Staff, 2010). In school matured kids, dyspraxia looks somewhat changed. Understudies will experience difficulty with fine engine aptitudes and it shows itself as trouble holding a pencil or holding scissors.These understudies will likewise experience difficulty with sports or rec center class because of poor coordination. On the off chance that they have oromotor issues, t hey may have moderate or hard to get discourse. These issues regularly cause social withdrawal on the grounds that these understudies feel humiliated and clumsy. This is the age where understudies start to have mental issues notwithstanding their dyspraxia (NCLD Editorial Staff, 2010). In grown-ups, dyspraxia seems to be comparable, with some slight contrasts. Grown-ups with oromotor issues will at present have discourse issues, yet it is by and large issues with volume, enunciation and pitch.Some grown-ups with dyspraxia will experience issues composing. They will be unable to drive are still awkward. It can likewise become obvious when a grown-up experiences issues with individual prepping because of engine ability issues. They additionally keep on having surface issues and affectability to contact (NCLD Editorial Staff, 2010). References Cermak, S. A. and Larkin, D. (2002). Formative Coordination Disorder. Albany, NY. Delmar, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Dworkin, J. (2005 ). Apraxia. Storm Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders. Recovered from http://www. reference book. com/point/Apraxia. spx. Hamilton, S. S. (2011). Diagram of Developmental Coordination Disorder. Recovered from http://www. uptodate. com/substance/outline of-formative coordination-issue. Kass, C. E. furthermore, Maddux, C. D. (2005) A Human Development View of Learning Disabilities: From Theory to Practice. Springfield, IL. Charles C Thomas Publisher, LTD. NCLD Editorial Staff. (2010). What is Dyspraxia? Recovered from http://www. ncld. organization/ld-nuts and bolts/ld-aamp-language/composing/dyspraxia. Platt, G. (2011). Beating Dyspraxia With a Hop, Skip and a Jump. Philadelphia, PA. Jessica Kinglsey Publishers.

VRIO Framework Guide on Creating Sustainable Competitive Advantages

VRIO Framework Guide on Creating Sustainable Competitive Advantages If you are running an organization or a business, or just thinking about starting it, you must be focusing on your strengths and defining that one thing that will differentiate you from others and help you take the leading position in your industry.Fortunately or unfortunately â€" depends on the perspective, each organization in the world is doing the exact same thing and looking for ways to use its resources in the best possible way and create a competitive advantage.It’s no surprise that many scientists, professors, and researchers devoted themselves to creating the most efficient tools, which can be used in analyzing organization, with the aim of finding the one key resource that will help the company sustain an advantage and therefore stay at the top.There are many frameworks, matrixes, tools, sheets, etc. that can be used for achieving this. For some of them, you must have heard â€" the Ansoff Matrix, the Stakeholder Theory, Maslow’s Hierarchy, and the Balanced Scoreboard an d so on, but the one we will be focusing on now is the VRIO framework.What is VRIO framework, why it is so beneficial, how it is used and what should be your next step if you want to apply it to your organization, is exactly what we will be covering in this article.Get your pen and paper and start taking the notes!WHAT IS THE VRIO FRAMEWORK?The VRIO strategic framework is an internal analysis tool, which helps organizations categorize their resources regarding the certain traits outlined in the framework.This categorization and further analysis allow the organizations to identify their key resources, or in other words their competitive advantages.If you were wondering why VRIO, you should know that there are four dimensions or traits that build up the framework.First letters of those dimensions form the acronym VRIO:ValuableRareInimitableOrganizedBefore we go into the details with each of these traits, we’ll talk more about the tool itself. The VRIO strategic framework was create d in 1991, by the famous Jay B Barney.The interesting fact is that originally, this framework was called the VRIN strategic framework, with N meaning non-substitutable.This has changed later, as scientists have discovered that the risk of a resource being imitated can be measured under the third trait â€" Inimitable, which led to N being replaced with O, as an organized to capture the valued. Not to rush anything but we are certain you are looking forward to getting to the bottom point of this tool so we will highlight only once more how efficient it is.Not only that it is simple to understand, it is also quite easy to use, and if used correctly (which is no science), it can provide an enormous value to the company or organization.Therefore, the VRIO framework became and stayed number one choice for many when it comes to analyzing the internal environment.THE 4 DIMENSIONS OF THE VRIO FRAMEWORKAs mentioned above, the VRIO strategic framework consists of 4 dimensions â€" valuable, rar e, inimitable and organized.1. ValuableThe first dimension of the framework states the question of whether the resource adds the value to the company by enabling it to seize the opportunities or defend against the possible threats.It is important to mention that the resources are also valuable if they, by any means, help the organization increase the perceived customer value. It is usually achieved by increasing the differentiation of the product, especially if it goes together with lowering the price of it.If you get a Yes as an answer to the questions mentioned above, you should consider this resource as a valuable one.On the other hand, if the answer is No, you should be aware that this resource will lead your organization to a competitive disadvantage.Whichever result you get, you should bear one thing in mind â€" you are doing business in a dynamic environment where both market and technology change rapidly, which means that you need to do the analysis often in order to review the value of your resources.It has happened many times throughout history in each industry, that the companies lose their competitive advantage due to not reviewing the value of their resources and keeping them up to date with the external factors.2. RareHow to know if your resources are rare? It is quite simple rare resources are those that can only be acquired by one or very few organizations.All you have to do is ask yourself â€" Can this resource be easily acquired by some other company? If the answer is “No”, it means that you’ve got yourself a rare resource.When analyzing further, it is important to mention that if the resource is both valuable and rare, it will grant your organization a temporary competitive advantage.On the other hand, if you are in a situation where another or even more than one organization or company uses the same resource in a similar way, you will find your organization to be in a competitive parity.This is a result of the fact that companies use the same resources to implement identical strategies, which leads to a situation where no organization can achieve a superior position in the industry.Even if your company or organization finds itself currently in the competitive parity, that doesn’t mean that you should completely neglect the resources that are valuable to you.On the contrary, it means that you should keep them â€" as they are essential for staying in the market, and focus on finding new solutions and creating a unique strategy for penetrating the market.3. InimitableInimitable or costly to imitate is the third dimension of the VRIO strategic framework. It reflects the possibility of the resource to be imitated or substituted by other companies or organizations.When saying imitating, we are referring to various options: buying the resource or a substitute for the resource at a reasonable price or directly duplicating it.If the answer to the question “Can my resources be imitated?” is “No”, it means that your resource is inimitable, at least for now.If your resource is valuable, rare and costly to imitate, it has a high tendency to achieve a sustained competitive advantage.If you were wondering what makes any resource inimitable, Barney has the answer to that question. Barney explains that there are three reasons why any resource can be hard to imitate:i. Historical ConditionsThis category refers to all of the resources that have been created throughout history due to some historical event that happened, and that cannot be repeated today again.In this category, you will also find all resources that take much time to form, meaning you can plan on using them only if you have a long-term strategy you are certain your successors will continue implementing.ii. Causal AmbiguityThis reason depends more on your competition than you, as it represents the inability to identify the key resource that enables a company to have a competitive advantage.The only thing you can do in the situation wh ere this is the reason you have a competitive advantage is to focus on finding the way to keep your key resource a secret from your companies while making sure your customers are able to recognize it.iii. Social ComplexityThis is the most internal category that can exist. This refers to the most important resource any company or organization can have â€" people.You will grant yourself a chance to get a sustained competitive advantage if you have good interpersonal relationships and a healthy culture focused on growth and improvement.This is the hardest resource to get but also almost impossible to imitate.4. OrganizedOrganized or organized to capture the value is the fourth and final dimension of the VRIO strategic framework.If you’re still not certain why this should be a special dimension, consider the fact that no resource, no matter how valuable, rare or inimitable can bring the advantage to the company if it is not organized to capture the value.This means that any company or organization that really wants to create a sustainable competitive advantage should focus on organizing the management systems, policies, processes, organizational culture, and structure in order to be fully capable to achieve and realize the potential of its resources that are valuable, rare and inimitable.Only if this change happens in the company, the company will be able to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage.If you realize that you do possess valuable, rare and imitable resources after you finish the VRIO analysis, think about the capacity of your company and its main focus.If you find that the focus wasnt on these key resources, you need to reorganize.In order to use the resources maximally, you need to gather the entire organization around the same idea and same focus.Think about your management systems, processes, and structure, and determine your starting point for change management.HOW TO USE THE VRIO STRATEGIC FRAMEWORKNow that you know that is VRIO strategic fra mework, understand its dimensions and know why it is so valuable, it is time you learn how to use it to improve the overall performance of your company.We’ll go step by step until we cover each point in details.1. Get to Know Your ResourcesThe first step is to do an internal analysis and understand your current state. It is crucial to identify your valuable, rare and inimitable resources.Before starting the analysis, you should be aware that there are two general types of resources tangible and intangible.Tangible resources are all physical things such as land, buildings, and machinery.Just by mentioning them, you can assume that they are easily bought in the market and rarely the reason a company is having a sustainable competitive advantage.But if you look at the intangible resources, such as trademarks, intellectual property, organizational culture, unique way of getting the job done and so on, you will notice that these things are not that easy to acquire, and therefore in al most every case, they make the source of the sustainable competitive advantage.Taking everything into consideration, you should start by analyzing your intangible resources. i. Identifying Valuable ResourcesFor identifying valuable resources it is useful to use other methods and analysis, such as the Value chain and the SWOT analysis.The reason that these methods are useful is the fact that they give you the exact information regarding the most valuable activities in your process, as well as the strengths of your company that help it seize the opportunities and avoid possible threats.Taking everything into consideration, using these additional methods can be multi-beneficial, as you will get a clear insight into the valuable activities and capabilities, as well as the most important strengths that are essential for you.After checking the additional methods, you can go even further into the analysis and ask yourself these questions:Does my company have any strength that my competitio n doesn’t?Is there anything in the process my company does better than my rivals?Did my company win an award (or been nominated) in any category relevant to the business?What is the one thing we do that helps us different from others and increase perceived customer value?Are there any activities that lower the cost production while maintaining the perceived customer value?Is my company’s brand recognized as innovative and customer oriented?Are my employees special in any way?Do we acquire regularly raw materials that are not easy to get?Is there a unique relationship with our suppliers or customers?All these questions should help you identify your valuable resources in the end.ii.  Identifying Rare ResourcesIn order to identify your rare resources, you have to ask yourself some of the following questions:Can my resources be easily acquired in the market by the competitors?Can my resources be acquired by the competitors in any near future?How many rivals that own a resource simil ar to mine there are in my industry?Identifying rare resources shouldnt be too hard, as that is probably something that helps you differentiate yourself from others, which is usually well known to both you and your rivals.iii. Identifying Inimitable ResourcesIts inimitable resources that help you get a chance of winning the sustainable competitive advantage and bringing your company at the top of your industry.In order to identify these resources, you should go through these questions:Is my resource protected by a patent?Is my resource easily duplicated by other companies?Is my resource easily substituted for a reasonable price by other companies?Is my resource socially complex?Is it difficult for my rivals to identify the exact processes, tasks, or other components that form the resource?After going through these questions, you should be able to claim your inimitable resources, which makes you ready for the second step.2.  Check How Organized Your Company IsNow that you are comple tely aware of the strengths of your company, the most valuable, rare and inimitable resources, it is time to get a clear picture of the usage of those resources.In order to realize that, you may ask yourself these questions:Is the structure in my organization organized in a way to maximize the use of the resource?Are there effective management processes in my organization?Do I have effective rewards and recognition system for my employees?Do I reward innovative ideas coming from my employees?Are there suitable management and quality control systems in my company?We advise you to take time and think about all these things.There are many companies in the world that have all the needed resources, but still fail to use them properly, which leads them to failure.Once you realize where your potential lays, you have to shift the entire organization towards it, in order to completely fulfill it.3.  Keep Your Key Resources Only for YourselfOnce you organize your company in a way that it uses maximally the potential it has, you will become the target of all of your competitors.That means, that all of them will be trying to find what’s that special thing that you have that gives you a sustainable competitive advantage, and that leaves you with only one task: protect your resources.For starters, get the entire management aware of the key resource and its importance.Thats a good starting point for you to brainstorm together the ways you could lower the costs and focus on the thing that differentiates you from your rivals.There are even some companies that build on strategies to perceive their resources, finding a way to mask their key contributor.The main for you should be to eliminate any possibility for other companies to imitate what you have and you’ll be good, as long as what you do is what the world needs.4. Keep VRIO Resources Up to DateThis is very important! Remember, you might have a sustainable competitive advantage, but it will last only as long as it is up to date! You have to constantly review your internal strengths in order to maintain the leading place in your industry.It is a well-known fact that the value of each resource in the world changes throughout time, especially nowadays, when we are living in a dynamic environment full of constant changes in technology and market in general.Therefore, keeping your resources up to date and reviewing them constantly must be one of your top priorities.And no matter how hard you try to keep your resources only for yourself, eventually some of your competitors will find a way to get to them.This means that you will no longer have those resources as key ones, and you’ll have to find the new ones.If you want to increase your protection, you can go with the strategy of developing the key resources internally (inside the company), which will make it harder for your competitors to imitate you.However, this doesn’t mean you shouldn’t review your resources if they are internal.On the contrar y, it is crucial to review them constantly if you want to grant your company a long term success.HOW TO START USING THE VRIO FRAMEWORKNow that you know all of the steps, all you have to do is start.Experience shows that the most effective and efficient way to apply this framework is through using tables for resources’ categorization.You should create a table containing 5 columns, and the number of rows should be equal to the number of different resources your company possesses.After creating a table, name the columns in the following order: Resources, Value, Rare, Imitation, Organization, Competitive advantage.Fill out the rows with all your resources and grade each resource depending on how valuable, rare, costly to imitate and organized to capture the value they are.This way of categorization will give you a clear picture of your resources and the best potential you have. After this, you will be able to reorganize your company and focus on sustainable competitive advantage.If yo u wish to learn more about the tables, you can check the example of Starbucks and Dunkin Donuts and their way of applying the VRIO strategic framework.FINAL WORDAfter getting all the details regarding each aspect of VRIO strategic framework, you should by now be able to understand the concept of this methodology and have the first step planned out in your mind.When you take everything into consideration, it is not difficult at all to learn how to apply this to your company, and once you do apply it, the benefits are more than rewarding.You will be able to understand your companys strengths better and realize what is the key resource that differentiates you from the others.Once you have all of this, all you need to do is to put into work and make things happen. If you want to create a sustainable competitive advantage, the VRIO framework will guide your way.

The Failure of Modern Capitalism Looking at Modern...

In a time of such economic distress, where it sometimes feels as though the world as we know it is coming to an end, it is hard not to examine and question the fundamental idea of capitalism. Many people are starting to wonder if our laissez-faire attitude towards the economy can continue to be successful or if a major change to our society is imminent. In seeking answers to these questions, it is impossible not to think of economist Karl Marx, who spent the better part of his career analyzing capitalism. Marx long ago predicted what he deemed the inevitable downfall of the capitalist society and outlined his reasoning in his infamous Manifesto of the Communist Party. According to Marx, capitalism is bound to collapse due to its inherent†¦show more content†¦[Marx 1983:210] Quite simply, the capitalist system eventually reaches a point where it is so productive that more is produced than people can buy. When companies are unable to sell all their product they must cut costs in another area, which almost always results in laying off workers. This then creates more people who are unable to afford to purchase products, both from the original company and other companies as well. The value of these products becomes so low that companies are forced to destroy their excess product in order to insure the rest of the product retains value. An example of this in our current economy is the real estate crisis. The New York Times article â€Å"Vacancies Raise Risk and Cut Value of Real Estate† looks specifically at the struggling real estate market of commercial buildings in major cities across the United States. The article discusses the trouble the building owners are running into in finding tenants and how they are consequently being forced to offer space at extremely low prices or to sell their buildings all together. The Washington Mutual Center was recently sold to the Northwest Mutual Life Insurance Company for the incredibly low price of $115 million because JPMorgan Chase, the original owner, was unable toShow MoreRelatedTo What Extent Was the Chinese Revolution, 1927-1949, a Socialist Revolution as Defined by Marx?4672 Words   |  19 Pagesinvestigation will be comparing classical Marxist doctrine with Mao Zedong thought and the Chinese revolution, to see the extent that the revolution adhered to Marxist doctrine. Classical Marxism will be defined by the works of Karl Marx and Fedrich Engels and Mao Zedong thought will be defined by the works of Mao Zedong. The primary sources used for this essay are Selected Work of Mao Zedong and Marx and Engels: Selected Works. To investigate the Marxist nature of the Chinese revolution, I breakRead MoreTheoretical Orientation And Framework. Employer-Employee5229 Words   |  21 Pagespr ocesses or autonomous from society. 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Theme Of Love In Jane Eyre - 957 Words

In Jane Eyre, Charlotte Brontà « underlines two opposing paths through different love interests for Jane. During the exploration of paths set out before Jane, she finds herself at a crossroad between a life of duty and a life of passion. A man born into a wealthy family of high rank shows a path of passion. Contrasting this is a strict clergyman, shows a path of duty. It is through different manners, however, St. John Rivers and Edward Rochester both have sought to cultivate and nurture the similar value of intelligence they both share with Jane. Although both characters shaped Jane Eyre’s life in some way or another, St. John Rivers’ icy exterior helps the reader to better appreciate Edward Rochester’s fiery sense of humanity. In the†¦show more content†¦He does not act human. She is seemingly frustrated by his lack of emotion towards her when she says â€Å"I am your kinswoman, I should desire somewhat more of affection than sort of general philanth ropy you extend to mere strangers† (511). He treats her no different from someone he would bypass on the street. One could say Rivers is blinded by his Christianity, thus leading him towards failure to see Jane as a romantic partner, and instead more of a co-worker. He sees her a someone to help him in his missionary work in India while ignoring her passions. He is straightforward in his speech, all the while omitting anything remotely sensual in his language. The reader could see a lack of compassion for the people he is supposedly helping, especially Jane, through his dialogue. Additionally, Rochester views marriage as an act of love and passion. He is often guided by his senses and not his rational mind. This is where he and Rivers contrast in morals. Brontà « depicts Rochester as ultimately choosing a life of feelings over a life of logic. Rochester recognizes his love for Jane when he says â€Å"There is not another being in the world that has the same pure love for me as yourself – for I lay that pleasant unction of my soul, Jane, a belief of your affection† (348), as she is the only person he admires and is fond of. He does not propose to Jane out of convenience as Rivers does. He proposes because he believes Jane completesShow MoreRelatedTheme Of Love In Jane Eyre957 Words   |  4 PagesTwo opposing loves in Jane Eyre In  Jane Eyre, Charlotte  Brontà «Ã‚  underlines two opposing paths through different love interests for Jane.  Ã‚  During  the exploration of  paths set out before Jane, she finds herself at a crossroad between a life of duty and a life of passion. A man born into a wealthy family of high rank shows a path of passion. Contrasting this is a strict  clergyman, shows a path of duty. 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Then at ageRead MoreTrapped in the Red Room: A Look into the Mind of the Original Mrs. Rochester1399 Words   |  6 PagesRed Room: A Look into the Mind of the Original Mrs. Rochester â€Å"One is very crazy when in love† (Freud). Freud made this statement nearly one hundred years ago. As one of the founders of modern psychology what would he have to say about the mad woman in the attic? Was she mad, in love, suffering from hysteria, or simply a product of nature versus nurture? Neither of which were very kind to her. In Jane Eyre we as the readers are presented with a singular perspective in nearly true to form autobiographicalRead MoreEquality Within Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre1673 Words   |  7 PagesCharlotte Bronte s novel Jane Eyre embraces many views in opposition to the Victorian gender limitations. Ultimately, the reader can see the author develops a variety of characters who not only represent but also challenge the established gender norms existing in the 1800s. Feminists like Charlotte Bronte, fight for equality emotionally, mentally, financially, and physically. When Charlotte was 5 her mother passed away, and therefore the loss of a mother became the theme in her books. Then at ageRead MoreLiterary Criticism Of Jane Eyre1378 Words   |  6 PagesMrs. Beckis English 3, Period C 5 December 2015 Literary Criticism Essay In her book Jane Eyre, Charlotte Brontà « writes of a fictional tale in which the protagonist, Jane Eyre, overcomes many obstacles, such as dishonesty and social class, in order to marry her love: Mr. Rochester. The Victorian Era is characterized by the great inequality between men and women in terms of societal standing. As a result, Jane is a victim of this ‘norm’ and is directly affected when she is kept in the dark aboutRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1552 Words   |  7 PagesBrontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre deals with a young orphan girl who lives a very repugnant life; the transition from her childhood to adulthood makes the reader effectively understand the character’s struggles and accomplishments. When reading this novel, a reader’s imagination can travel back to the Victorian age in England, where everything was differentiated between the men and women of this time era. This can aid readers to get a prominent picture of the life of the main character, Jane. Jane Eyre portraysRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1554 Words   |  7 PagesBrontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre deals with a young orphan girl who lives a very repugnant life; the transition from her childhood to adulthood makes the reader effectively understand the character’s struggles and accomplishments. When reading this novel, a reader’s imagination can travel back to the Victorian age in England, where everything was differentiated between the men and women of this time era. This can aid readers to get a prominent picture of the life of the main character, Jane. Jane Eyre portraysRead MoreThe Search for Love in Jane Eyre Essay528 Words   |  3 PagesThe Search for Love in Jane Eyre A constant theme throughout Jane Eyre is the search for love. Although this could be shown through many of the novels key characters, it can most readily be shown in the experiences of Jane Eyre herself. The novel begins with her searching for love and it finally ends with her finding it, for good, in Mr. Rochester. At the novels opening, Jane is living with the cruel Mrs. Reed and her horrid three children, Eliza, Georgiana, and John. Mrs. Reed makes Theme Of Love In Jane Eyre - 957 Words Two opposing loves in Jane Eyre In Jane Eyre, Charlotte Brontà « underlines two opposing paths through different love interests for Jane. During the exploration of paths set out before Jane, she finds herself at a crossroad between a life of duty and a life of passion. A man born into a wealthy family of high rank shows a path of passion. Contrasting this is a strict clergyman, shows a path of duty. It is through different manners, however, St. John Rivers and Edward Rochester both have sought to cultivate and nurture the similar value of intelligence they both share with Jane. Although both characters shaped Jane Eyre’s life in some way or another, St. John Rivers’ icy exterior helps the reader to better appreciate Edward Rochester’s†¦show more content†¦He does not act human. She is seemingly frustrated by his lack of emotion towards her when she says â€Å"I am your kinswoman, I should desire somewhat more of affection than sort of general philanthropy you extend to mere stranger s† (511). He treats her no different from someone he would bypass on the street. One could say Rivers is blinded by his Christianity, thus leading him towards failure to see Jane as a romantic partner, and instead more of a co-worker. He sees her a someone to help him in his missionary work in India while ignoring her passions. He is straightforward in his speech, all the while omitting anything remotely sensual in his language. The reader could see a lack of compassion for the people he is supposedly helping, especially Jane, through his dialogue. Additionally, Rochester views marriage as an act of love and passion. He is often guided by his senses and not his rational mind. This is where he and Rivers contrast in morals. Brontà « depicts Rochester as ultimately choosing a life of feelings over a life of logic. Rochester recognizes his love for Jane when he says â€Å"There is not another being in the world that has the same pure love for me as yourself – for I lay that pleasant unction of my soul, Jane, a belief of your affection† (348), as she is the only person he admires and is fond of. He does not propose to Jane out of convenience as Rivers does. He proposes because heShow MoreRelatedTheme Of Love In Jane Eyre957 Words   |  4 PagesIn  Jane Eyre, Charlotte  Brontà «Ã‚  underlines two opposing paths through different love interests for Jane.  Ã‚  During  the exploration of  paths set out before Jane, she finds herself at a crossroad between a life of duty and a life of passion. A man born into a wealthy family of high rank shows a path of passion. Contrasting this is a strict  clergyman, shows a path of duty. It is through different manners, however, St. John Rivers and Edward Rochester both have sought to cultivate and nurture the similarRead MoreJane Eyre vs Wide Sargasso Sea Essay example1635 Words   |  7 Pages2014 Symbolism through Theme Of Jane Eyre and Wide Sargasso Sea â€Å"To produce a mighty book, you must choose a mighty theme. No great and enduring volume can ever be written on the flea, though many there be that have tried it,† stated Herman Melville. As implied, without theme, no novel can be considered â€Å"mighty† or have any depth. Theme is essential in any work of art. Jane Eyre is a novel by Charlotte Brontà « that takes the reader through the experiences of Jane Eyre, from childhood to adulthoodRead MoreCharlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre984 Words   |  4 PagesCharlotte Brontà « wrote Jane Eyre. The novel is a highly fascinating piece of gothic literature based during the nineteenth century. The story unfolds around a young Jane Eyre who grows both in character and body. She experiences love and mystery. She, through many trials, finds a true, wholesome, and godly relationship with the main male protagonist, Mr. Rochester. Jane Eyre occurs during the early nineteenth century in northern Britain. It takes place in multiple locations: â€Å"the Reed family’sRead MoreSummary Of Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre1607 Words   |  7 PagesCharlotte Bronte s novel Jane Eyre embraces many views in opposition to the Victorian gender limitations. Ultimately, the reader can see the author develops a variety of characters who not only represent but also challenge the established gender norms existing in the 1800s. Feminists like Charlotte Bronte, fight for equality emotionally, mentally, financially, and physically. When Charlotte was 5 her mother passed away, and therefore the loss of a mother became the theme in her books. Then at ageRead MoreTrapped in the Red Room: A Look into the Mind of the Original Mrs. Rochester1399 Words   |  6 PagesRed Room: A Look into the Mind of the Original Mrs. Rochester â€Å"One is very crazy when in love† (Freud). Freud made this statement nearly one hundred years ago. As one of the founders of modern psychology what would he have to say about the mad woman in the attic? Was she mad, in love, suffering from hysteria, or simply a product of nature versus nurture? Neither of which were very kind to her. In Jane Eyre we as the readers are presented with a singular perspective in nearly true to form autobiographicalRead MoreEquality Within Charlotte Bronte s Jane Eyre1673 Words   |  7 PagesCharlotte Bronte s novel Jane Eyre embraces many views in opposition to the Victorian gender limitations. Ultimately, the reader can see the author develops a variety of characters who not only represent but also challenge the established gender norms existing in the 1800s. Feminists like Charlotte Bronte, fight for equality emotionally, mentally, financially, and physically. When Charlotte was 5 her mother passed away, and therefore the loss of a mother became the theme in her books. Then at ageRead MoreLiterary Criticism Of Jane Eyre1378 Words   |  6 PagesMrs. Beckis English 3, Period C 5 December 2015 Literary Criticism Essay In her book Jane Eyre, Charlotte Brontà « writes of a fictional tale in which the protagonist, Jane Eyre, overcomes many obstacles, such as dishonesty and social class, in order to marry her love: Mr. Rochester. The Victorian Era is characterized by the great inequality between men and women in terms of societal standing. As a result, Jane is a victim of this ‘norm’ and is directly affected when she is kept in the dark aboutRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1552 Words   |  7 PagesBrontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre deals with a young orphan girl who lives a very repugnant life; the transition from her childhood to adulthood makes the reader effectively understand the character’s struggles and accomplishments. When reading this novel, a reader’s imagination can travel back to the Victorian age in England, where everything was differentiated between the men and women of this time era. This can aid readers to get a prominent picture of the life of the main character, Jane. Jane Eyre portraysRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1554 Words   |  7 PagesBrontà «Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s Jane Eyre deals with a young orphan girl who lives a very repugnant life; the transition from her childhood to adulthood makes the reader effectively understand the character’s struggles and accomplishments. When reading this novel, a reader’s imagination can travel back to the Victorian age in England, where everything was differentiated between the men and women of this time era. This can aid readers to get a prominent picture of the life of the main character, Jane. Jane Eyre portraysRead MoreThe Search for Love in Jane Eyre Essay528 Words   |  3 PagesThe Search for Love in Jane Eyre A constant theme throughout Jane Eyre is the search for love. Although this could be shown through many of the novels key characters, it can most readily be shown in the experiences of Jane Eyre herself. The novel begins with her searching for love and it finally ends with her finding it, for good, in Mr. Rochester. At the novels opening, Jane is living with the cruel Mrs. Reed and her horrid three children, Eliza, Georgiana, and John. Mrs. Reed makes

Reflective diary Free Essays

Abstract The purpose of this review is to consider the information gained during the sessions and looking at what I have learned from the sessions, as well as what I found particularly interesting for my own development of an understanding of international development. By completing this reflective diary I was able to track the information that I obtained and also to see how my own thoughts changed throughout the course. This was particularly relevant during the latter session where we were required to think beyond one specific area of international development, but rather to look at ways in which the situation could be improved or influenced, in the future. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflective diary? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Introduction At the start of the course I thought that I would mostly be looking at how some countries are richer than others and how this has impacted upon the way in which certain countries perform. I expected the course to largely focus on the poorer countries and how these can work with other countries although the focus soon shifted towards looking more at achieving and measuring development. Session 1 The first session looked at the concept of international development and how this could be measured. I really enjoyed this session, as it required me to think beyond immediate definitions of international development, but also to consider why one would look for enhanced developments and how this could be measured, particularly when considering a wide variety of different regions and levels of development (Brockbank McGill, 2007). I found this session quite challenging, maybe due to my preconceptions of what international development meant to me before we begun the course. As a result my level of participation was lower than I would have liked it to be. Conclusion: By listening to the discussions of others it led me to thinking in much more detail about what exactly is meant by international development and why one would pursue an agenda of development, in the first place. Furthermore this introductory section raised multiple questions of how international development is viewed and questioned traditional definitions and assumptions. Session 2 We then looked at social protection and how this can be applied alongside wider issues of international development. I had very little understanding of the meaning of social protection and therefore this seminar was equally informative, as it required me to think about wider issues than pure economic development. Social protection as a means of encouraging development was considered and the way that too much social protection may ultimately hamper development in certain circumstances. I felt quite strongly about the issues being raised so my level of participation increased quite a bit during this session. I enjoyed this session a great deal as I felt a real ‘human’ element away from just looking at money and the economy. Specific reference was made to areas where there was seen to be substantial social protection, for example, increasing benefits and how this has impacted upon the development of the region (Moon, 2000). Conclusions: I found this study of social issues really eye opening and led me consider the notion that having too much social protection may, in fact, be detrimental to the economic development of the region. I also started thinking about how this issue could be used in all countries for the benefit of the majority in the future. Session 3 This session looked specifically at the work of ERM. This organisation works with a variety of different agencies, in order to deal with a range of problems, to provide strong business outcomes, on an international basis. As the focus of this seminar was on listening to the experiences of this organisation participation was relatively low and although I found the session interesting greater opportunities to participate would potentially have enhanced this session. This type of primary teaching was seen as hugely useful as I was able to put some of my previous thoughts into context. It was particularly interesting to hear, from a practical point of view, how this type of international activity takes place and the types of assessments that are undertaken in order to identify any potential impact which international operations are likely to have on a specific region. Conclusion: Having an insight into the reality of these issues was really helpful as I am starting to wonder how the theory of international development actually works from a day to day point of view and this session helped put a lot of the previous two sessions into context (Moon, 2006). Session 4 Session four looked in more detail at micro-finance and what precisely is meant by micro-finance, as well as the positives and negatives associated with this type of financing. Firstly, I learnt what was meant by micro-finance, as this was not something that I had come across before, and dealt with small loans that were often used by individuals who could not obtain other financing and often used several small frequent repayments and would typically be unsecured (Kolb, 1984). I hadn’t previously considered issues of financing within the context of international development so I found this session quite challenging as the whole area was new to me. Conclusions: Understanding that the positive aspects of micro-financing including the offering of finance to those that would not otherwise be able to have finance made me consider the fact that certain types of micro-financing may indeed be beneficial and that blanket decisions in relation to the viability of the type of loan should not be undertaken. Session 5 This session was more in keeping with my expectations of international development and looked at agriculture as a way of helping developing countries. I actually feel quite strongly about assisting developing regions to make the most of their resources such as agriculture so I found myself really enjoying this session and participating rather strongly! What I really took from this seminar was the need for jurisdictions to use the natural resources available to them and to maximise the use of these natural resources, without necessarily focussing international development in an industry or an area that is simply not relevant for these particular regions. Conclusions: This made me question international policies and to consider how this could be used to create greater growth in the future (Carbonnier, 2012). Focussing on an area of development, namely agriculture was useful at this stage to see how international development can apply in specific regions. Session 6 Looking at transnational migration was interesting but academically challenging. I found the mobility of individuals to be a particularly informative way of understanding international development and also understanding why certain regions, such as the UK, seem to be more prone to migration than others. It did however result in me questioning preconceived ideas of international development and to take a more liberal view of people migrating out of developing regions. This was linked with other theories such as how agriculture impacts on international development (Wedman and Martin, 1986). Conclusions: By looking at the facts associated with transnational migration, it became apparent that this issue was actually much more widespread than I had originally thought, as money was often being remitted back to countries where the workers were not actually working, thus creating a movement of finance which was not readily obvious, yet was potentially crucial to the development of those regions that do not have their own internal finances. Session 7 Session 7 was, to a certain extent, an extension of session 5 which dealt with agricultural policy and considered the way in which climate change can work and is relevant to international developments, which I perceived to be closely linked to any country which relied on the climate or natural resources, to gain income. As this is an area of interest to me I became heavily involved in the discussions and as the actual seminar was run by Oxfam an element of reality was also presented from a practical point of view. This was similar to the ERM seminar and brought the theory together with practice (Winter, 1995). Conclusions: I found this very interesting, as I had not previously thought of climate change as being such an important factor in the developing regions. This encouraged me to think about wider issues when looking at a specific international problem. Session 8 This session was also very enlightening, as it focused on the role of non-government organisations, something which I had previously overlooked. My preconceived ideas relating to international development were very much based on government interference and ideas however this seminar made me think on a wider basis about non government organisations. By listening to a non-governmental organisation, a much more proactive understanding emerged, as it looked at ways in which it was motivating individuals to increase their knowledge and how the project could have a direct impact on the finances of a particular group of individuals. Conclusions: This is the first seminar where individuals were looked at in detail, and this gave it a really good human feeling which I found useful to put previous theory into context (Keenan Gilmore 2011). Session 10 Finally, we had the opportunity to look at all of the above issues, in the context of Malawi, and how poverty in this region is being dealt with, as well as identifying the key factors which affected the wider region, such as financial problems (Mulholland Turnock, 2012). This session was the most interesting I found as I had the background knowledge to put into practice and I fully participated in doing so.. Conclusions: Having studied the previous session, this session enabled me to pull together the ideas and also to use statistical data to analyse the level of poverty, in more detail, with a much broader background understanding than had been gained in the earlier sessions. Conclusions My original expectations of this course was that it would be heavily focussed on economics and trade yet there was in fact a much broader range of issues to be looked at. In particular I enjoyed the area of human interactions such as poverty in Malawi and the work of Oxfam in particular as this enabled me to understand the theories that I had previously grasped. I am looking forward to using these theories in more detail for international development studies in the future and in particular for looking at ways in which these different theories can come together to improve development in the poorer regions. References Brockbank, A. McGill, I. (2007) Facilitating Reflective Learning in Higher Education, McGraw-Hill International. p.169 Carbonnier, G (2012) International Development Policy: Aid, Emerging Economies and Global Policies, Palgrave Macmillan Keenan, F Gilmore, C (2011) International Development: A Casebook for Effective Management, iUniverse. Kolb, D. A. (1984) Experiential Learning: Experience as a Source off Learning and Development. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Moon, J, A. (2000) Reflection in Learning Professional Development: Theory and Practice. Kogan Page Moon, J (2006) Learning Journals: A Handbook for Reflective Practice And Professional Development, Taylor Francis. p.81 Mulholland, J. Turnock, C. (2012) Learning in the Workplace: A Toolkit for Facilitating Learning and Assessment in Health and Social Care Settings, Routledge. p.75 Wedman, J and Martin, M. (1986) ‘Exploring the development of reflective thinking through journal writing’, Reading Improvement, 23, 1, 68-71. Winter, R (1995) ‘The assessment of professional competences:the importance of general criteria’ in The Assessment of Competence in Higher Education, eds A Edwards and P Knight, Kogan Page, London. How to cite Reflective diary?, Essay examples

Teenage Pregnancy Essays (3555 words) - Adolescence, Midwifery

It started when she noticed that she was a few days late. Her period was supposed to start Tuesday, and now it?s the following Sunday. Her breasts feel achy the way they do when she?s about to start her period, only she hasn?t started her period. Well, maybe she got the dates wrong. Maybe she was supposed to start the next Tuesday, rather than this past Tuesday. It?s pushed to the back of her mind and she goes on with her day. Another week goes by and still nothing. No bleeding, no spotting. She wakes up in the morning, her stomach queasy. It can?t be morning sickness, because she?s on the pill, so she can?t be pregnant. Another week, and her stomach is getting worse. She can?t stand the smell of bacon nor the burgers her father?s grilling for dinner. She finally swallows her pride and buys an at-home pregnancy test. Two lines appear. She?s pregnant. And the reality is that this is quite common. Walk into any public high school and you?ll count five women who are very much pregnant and expecting to give birth soon. And how many more among them are pregnant but early enough so that they don?t show? How many have been pregnant but opted to not go through labor? According to Bruggink (2007), the United States? teen birth rate, teen pregnancy rate, and teen abortion rate all remain the highest in the world. Kicking off with numbers, Lindsay (1989) states that more than a million adolescents (ages 19 and under) become pregnant each year, and nearly 500,000 of those teens deliver babies. Why are the numbers so high, and why do teens so frequently have sex? Why teenagers have sex, as stated by Smith (2006), can be explained by numerous variables. For one, she says, adolescents become sexually mature approximately four to five years before they reach the level of emotional maturity required for them to choose the right partners and responsibly protect themselves from these ?accidents.? Henslin, author of ?Essentials of Sociology,? may relate it to the way teens are socialized. In chapter three of his book, he states that a person?s values, beliefs, and behaviors are influenced by outside sources, such as family, friends, media, and schooling. Looking at his claim that ?in the industrialized world, adolescence must ?find? themselves,? it can be assumed that teen sex is influenced by today?s pop culture; a culture in which friends, TV and movies, music, and magazines send obvious messages that premarital, sexual relationships (especially in teens) are common and accepted, and sometimes even expected. Now, surprisingly, teenage sex has actually declined since reaching a major high in 1990, and it can be presumed that it is due to an increase use in condoms (Smith, 2006). Research also shows that the birth rate among girls ages 10-14 has reached the lowest level in almost 50 years. Not what I?d expect when looking at the families of my ?Brady Bunch? parents. So she finds out she?s pregnant. Now she?s at the beginning of a long, tough road and has three options ahead of her. Luckily for her, she doesn?t have to make the decision on her own. All over the country, pregnancy counseling services are available to many young women; whether by phone service, counseling center, or Internet services (Lindsay, 1989). With their help and the support and aid of friends, family, and the baby?s father, she will have to decide between abortion, adoption, or keeping and caring for her child. The first option I will talk about is abortion. In his latest edition of his book, Henslin makes the well known fact clear: no other issue can divide Americans as abortion. Politics and social movements have restricted abortions as well as made it illegal for states to prohibit abortion, and prolife groups repeatedly challenged the ethics and morals of abortion. Research by Burke and Reardon (2002) have shown that for over 30 years, the people of the United States has argued repeatedly over abortion, while at the same time, over 30 million women have had at least one abortion. They also point out that, and I sadly agree, while this political (and very much ethical) battle ensues, very little has been done

Prefect essays

Prefect essays I am writing to apply to become a senior prefect, as I believe I would be an ideal representative of the school and a good role model to those younger than me. I recently proved myself to be a good leader in the Careers in Construction challenge, when I took charge of my group, which then went on to win one of the prizes. I would work well with other prefects, as I have always been a keen team worker. I was a regular member of the schools rugby team and I also play in the school wind band as well as the Peterborough County Youth Orchestra. I was part of the John Lewis group in the Industry Challenge Competition as well. John Lewis were so pleased with our performance, they sent a letter to the school to say so. On top of all that, I one of the students taking part in the Engineering Education Scheme. All of these things also show my commitment to extra-curricular activities. I am a hard worker, and proved this by achieving good grades in my GCSE exams, and The school needs to promote the importance of extra-curricular activities, as they can prove to be a valuable asset to those looking to prove themselves as committed workers after leaving school. A good idea would be to give each pupil a compulsory activity, maybe temporarily, that also compliments their schoolwork. A similar idea proved successful in the Industry Challenge Competition. Please consider my application, as I believe I fulfil all the criteria for a good senior prefect. My referee is Mr. Wears. ...

The Tale of Despereaux by Kate DiCamillo - Book Review

The Tale of Despereaux by Kate DiCamillo - Book Review Summary of The Tale of Despereaux The Tale of Despereaux: Being the story of a mouse, a princess, some soup, and a spool of thread by Kate DiCamillo is an odd and engaging fairy tale. The hero, Despereaux Tilling, is a mouse with large ears. The Tale of Despereaux: has a lot in common with Grimms fairy tales and makes a terrific read aloud for younger children as well as an excellent book for middle grade readers, ages 8 to 12. Kate DiCamillo was awarded the prestigious John Newbery Medal for The Tale of Despereaux.   According to the American Library Association (ALA), the Newbery Medal is awarded annually to the author of the most distinguished contribution to American literature for children. How Kate DiCamillo Came to Write The Tale of Despereaux Being the story of a mouse, a princess, some soup, and a spool of thread, the subtitle of The Tale of Despereaux gives the reader a clue that this is not an ordinary book. It . What prompted Kate DiCamillo to write such a book? According to the author, My best friends son asked if I would write a story for him. Its about an unlikely hero, he said, with exceptionally large ears. When DiCamillo asked him, What happened to the hero, his response was, I dont know. Thats why I want you to write this story, so we can find out. The Story The result is a wildly entertaining novel with some important messages about being yourself and redemption. The characters include a very special mouse with an affinity for music, a princess named Pea, and Miggery Sow, a poorly treated, slow-witted serving girl. Since every tale needs a villain, even a sometimes sympathetic one, there is a rat named Roscuro to fill that role. This odd assortment of characters is drawn together because of their desire for something more, but it is Despereaux Tilling, the unlikely hero with large ears, who, along with the narrator, is the star of the show. As the narrator states, Reader, you must know that an interesting fate (sometimes involving rats, sometimes not) awaits almost everyone, man or mouse, who does not conform. The unnamed narrator adds wit, humor, and intelligence to the story, frequently speaking directly to the reader, asking questions, admonishing the reader, pointing out the consequences of certain actions, and sending the reader to the dictionary to look up unknown words. Indeed, her use of language is one of the gifts that Kate DiCamillo brings to the story, along with her imaginative storytelling, character development, and voice. It was interesting to me to see how Kate DiCamillo incorporated several of the central themes of her two previous books (Because of Winn-Dixie and The Tiger Rising) - parental abandonment and redemption - in The Tale of Despereaux. Parental abandonment comes in several forms in DiCamillos books: a parent leaving the family forever, a parent dying, or a parent withdrawing emotionally. Each of three main characters lacks parental support. Despereaux has always been different from his siblings; when his actions result in life-threatening punishment, his father does not defend him. Princess Peas mother died as a result of seeing a rat in her soup. As a result, her father has withdrawn and has decreed that soup may no long be served anywhere in his kingdom. Miggery Sow was sold into servitude by her father after her mother died. However, Despereauxs adventures change the lives of everyone, the adults as well as the children and the rat. These changes hinge on forgiveness and again emphasize a central theme: Every action, reader, no matter how small, has a consequence. I found this an extremely satisfying book, with lots of adventure, wit, and wisdom. My Recommendation The Tale of Despereaux was first published in 2003 by Candlewick Press in a hardcover edition, which is beautifully designed, with high-quality paper with torn edges (I am not sure what you call that, but it looks great). It is illustrated with strange and beguiling, dense pencil drawings by Timonthy Basil Ering. Each of the four books of the novel has a title page, with an intricate border by Ering. This is the first time that I have correctly predicted which book would win the Newbery Medal. I hope you and your children enjoy the book as much as I did. I highly recommend The Tale of Despereaux, both as an unusual fairy tale for 8-12 year olds to read and as a read aloud for families to share and younger children to also enjoy. With the coming of the movie version of The Tale of Despereaux in December 2008, came a number of movie tie-in books and a handsome special boxed edition of The Tale of Despereaux. In late 2015, a new paperback edition (ISBN: 9780763680893) of The Tale of Despereaux was released, with new cover art (pictured above). The book is also available as an audiobook and in several e-book formats. The Tale of Despereaux - Resources for Teachers The books publisher, Candlewick Press, has an excellent 20-page Teachers Guide you can download, with detailed activities, including questions, for each section of the book. The Multnomah County Library in Oregon has a helpful one-page The Tale of Despereaux Discussion Guide on its website.

Talent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Talent - Essay Example Talent individuals, whether they are employees or managers, know what they have to do in critical business situations. They don not become nervous in difficult situations, rather take logical steps to come out of such situations based on their precious knowledge, critical thinking ability, and talent. Talent is something that leads a company towards market domination and competitive edge. From the perspective of business, talent also refers to the ability of an employee to deliver good job performance. According to Wheeler, excellent talent refers to such individuals who produce above-average performances, whereas poor talent refers to those who produce less than average performances. I also possess such qualities or skills that I would call ‘talent’. For example, I can make good decisions even in critical conditions. Moreover, I have the ability to manage a large number of interrelated works in a systematic manner. Therefore, I would call myself as a talented

Microbiological effects from baby bottle misuse Research Paper

Microbiological effects from baby bottle misuse - Research Paper Example Moreover, the inherent immune elements in milk offer defense against infectivity. There are oligosaccharides present in the milk that avert accessory of normal respiratory micro-organisms like Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae (Gurtler, Kornacki & Beuchat, 2005). Misuse of bottle feeding is risky in the sense that the bottle formulae lack the Glycosaminoglycans which is normally present in the natural breast milk that averts attachment pathogens hence minimizing the risk of transmission. It must be noted that human milk administered through the normal breastfeeding adds up to inherent immunity. Long formula fed babies have the risk of contaminating and being infected with Giardia lamblia, H influenzae and the B streptococci, S epidermis and other micro-organisms such as the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (Gurtler, Kornacki & Beuchat, 2005). Misuse of baby bottle can also lead to infection of the lower respiratory tract. According to analysis of 7 group research o f healthy term babies in affluent locations, it was established that babies who were bottle-fed experienced a 3.6-fold higher risk of being hospitalized for infection of the lower respiratory tract in the initial year of their existence in comparison with babies who were wholly breastfed for a period of over 4 months. These research comprised modification for socioeconomic condition and parental smoking. Many of the infants hospitalized from respiratory infections arise from the respiratory syncytial virus. The human milk contains lipids which tend to have an antigen against RSV. Moreover, multifaceted researches also claim that bottle fed infants or formulated infants have a higher risk of contracting gastrointestinal pathogens and diarrhea. Similarly, 14 group studies meta-analysis established that infants who were bottle fed or formula fed were 2.8 times more probably to get infected with gastrointestinal pathogens compared to those who were totally breastfed (UNCF, 2003). Findin gs from PROBIT (promotion of breastfeeding intervention trial) reveal that infants who were used in the control experiment were 1.7 times more probably to get infected with gastrointestinal infection compared to those used in the intercession group. In this research 31 maternity hospitals were randomized to the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) and a set of proof-found activities accommodating of breastfeeding, against the normal care. The entire 17,046 babies in the PROBIT research were breastfed, entirely at 3 months. It was found that 6.4% of the control studies were totally breastfed in comparison with the 43.3% of the intercession babies (UNCF, 2003). According to various epidemiologic researches it is suggested that infants and children who are exclusively bottle-fed on formula products are more probably to develop a condition of obese or develop type II diabetes. Furthermore, a meta-analysis study reveals that formula feeding among the infants is also related to the 1. 6 fold risk of the type 2 diabetes in comparison to the exclusively breast-fed children. Other studies have also claimed that a higher risk of diseases related to cardiac vacuoles inclusive of the high pressure of the blood and reduced favorable lipid profile also looms for children who are formula-fed even though the literature varies (Drudy, et al., 2006). Scholars have suggested that numerous interventions to describe these

Bach :: essays research papers

The Baroque Age Johann Sebastian Bach Born: Eisenach, March 21, 1685 Died: Leipzig, July 28, 1750 Regarded as perhaps the greatest composer of all time, Bach was known during his lifetime primarily as an outstanding organ player and technician. The youngest of eight children born to musical parents, Johann Sebastian was destined to become a musician. While still young, he had mastered the organ and violin, and was also an excellent singer. At the age of ten, both of his parents died within a year of each other. Young Sebastian was fortunate to be taken in by an older brother, Johann Christoph, who most likely continued his musical training. At the age of fifteen, Bach secured his first position in the choir of St. Michael's School in LÃ ¼neburg. He travelled little, never leaving Germany once in his life, but held various postitions during his career in churches and in the service of the courts throughout the country. In 1703 he went to Arnstadt to take the position of organist at the St. Boniface Church. It was during his tenure there that Bach took a month's leave of absence t o make the journey to LÃ ¼beck (some 200 miles away, a journey he made on foot) to hear the great organist Dietrich Buxtehude. One month turned into five, and Bach was obliged to find a new position at MÃ ¼lhausen in 1706. In that year he also married his cousin, Maria Barbara. Bach remained at MÃ ¼lhausen for only a year before taking up a post as organist and concertmaster at the court of the Duke of Weimar. In 1717, Bach moved on to another post, this time as Kapellmeister at the court of Prince Leopold in Cöthen. During the years Bach was in the service of the courts, he was obliged to compose a great deal of instrumental music: hundreds of pieces for solo keyboard, orchestral dance suites, trio sonatas for various instruments, and concertos for various instruments and orchestra. Of these, the most famous are the six concerti grossi composed for the Duke of Brandenburg in 1721, and the Brandenburg Concerto no. 3 exemplifies the style of the concerto grosso in which a small group of instruments (in this case a small ensemble of strings) is set in concert with an orchestra of strings and continuo. Of Bach's music for solo instruments, the six Suites for violoncello and the Sonatas and Partitas for solo violin are among the greatest for those instruments.

History of West African dance, different type of dance and the drum Essay

West African dance reached the Americas during the slave trade. Slaves were often prohibited from dancing, but African-based movements found their way into European dance styles, quickly evolving into popular American dances. The influence of African dance can be seen in early American dances, such as the Ring Shout and the Cakewalk, and later dances such as the Jitterbug, and the Charleston. The influence is still visible in more contemporary styles of dance including hip-hop and jazz. West Africa is made up of 16 different countries containing multiple tribes and cultures, each with a different set of dance. Many dances are only known within the particular tribe they come from, but most share, the common element of drumming as the dancing music. Dancing in West Africa is a form of social interaction, where the whole tribe comes together. Different dances are also performed on different occasions, such as initiations, funerals and marriages. Adzogbo is an ancient ritual war dance originating in Benin. Dancers usually wear red and black when performing the Adzogbo dance. The Adzogbu is a dance of the Ewe people of Ghana and incorporates movements used in battle (throwing a spear, for example) into the dance. As with most West African dances, the Adzogbu is normally performed by a circle of dancers, and this particular dance has a very complex drum rhythm.†¨According to the California Institute of the Arts, Bawa is a traditional harvest dance of the Dagarthi people from Lobi, northern Ghana. The dance is performed as a ritual thanksgiving to the gods and ancestors, but also as an appeal for the success of next year’s crops. The Bawa incorporates many of the movements often seen in fieldwork, such as threshing and planting, in a stylized manner. The Bawa dance is performed by members of the community of all ages and sexes. The Mouwa dance is performed by the Minianka, Senufo and Bambara people of Mali. According to Kentucky Educational Television, the Mouwa is performed by those villagers whose are responsible for weeding the fields. The dance is a form of motivation that anyone initiates when the pace of work has slowed. It is also performed before beginning work, and during weeding the dance’s song is usually sung to help the work go faster.†¨The Gomba is a funeral dance of the Bambara people of Mali. The dance is taught over a period of seven years to members of the tribe, and the teaching is done in secrecy in the forest. The Gomba is not a dance performed in frivolity; rather it is undertaken in the utmost solemnity, to mark the seriousness of the occasion.†¨ Drums, played with hands and sticks, are a vital component of West African dance. The drum is the â€Å"language† that the dancer interprets. The drum patterns signify a dancer when to start or stop a certain move, and what moves to use. The dancer also challenges and directs the drummer through his or her moves. The drummer translates the dancers moves into rhythms. The drummer and dancer are interconnected. The largest of the three drums is dundumba, which has the deepest voice and typically plays phrases that accentuate the rhythm’s foundation and interact melodically with the sangban. The sangban, is the middle-size drum, is tuned to mid-frequency that matches the tone of the djembe, and often plays a lead role in creating the core identity of the rhythm, with specific calls and variations that communicate to the dancers. The smallest of the family is kenkeni, which has the highest voice best suited to keep the pulse, or downbeat, of the rhythm. Each distinct part played by dundumba, sangan, or kenkeni typically has a bell pattern related to the drum pattern.

The Tragedy Of William Shakespeare s Othello - 959 Words

In this life that we live, many different individuals go about their business without considering the individual struggles that they have to deal with. According to dictionary.com, a struggle is defined as, â€Å"a forceful/violent attempt or effort to get free from restraint or contrition†. Some of these personal struggles are more pronounced than other. From Othello, the tragedy by William Shakespeare, we can see how humans are faced with individual contentions, and their daily actions are ways and efforts of trying to free themselves. In the discussion below we consider Othello’s struggle with being different, gullibility, timidity, inferiority, pride and selfishness and Iago’s conniving personality, hate, greed, manipulation, selfishness and slander Talking about human contrition, Othello’s life is without doubt as presented, is with many great successes. He is introduced as a great soldier with many victories and a reputable general from a royal family, â€Å"From men of royal siege, and my demerits†, (1.11.21). Notwithstanding such achievements, he struggles with the fact that he is a black moor among the Venetian whites. This aspect of difference makes him stand out but also as an easy target. Additionally, either because of his origin or his upbringing Othello comes as one struggling with gullibility. When he saw Cassio leave the company of Desdemona, other than calling him back to confirm whether it was he, he dismisses it saying, â€Å"I don’t believe ‘twas he†, (3.3.43).Show MoreRelatedThe Tragic Tragedy Of William Shakespeare s Othello1523 Words   |  7 PagesTragedy is described as a drama that has pain, suffering, and loss. In the Merriam- Webster dictionary, we can see tragedy being defined a â€Å"disastrous event† (Webster). We also see in the dictionary that a serious drama that involves a hero’s downfall and an unhappy ending can also be classified as a tragedy. Aristotle, the famous Greek philosopher, provides a more comprehensive definition of tragedy based on drama in a play. Kennedy Gioia gives us, Aristotle’s definition of a tragedy that saysRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello - Comedy And Tragedy2481 Words   |  10 PagesENG 1001: ‘Nothing is funnier than unhappiness, I grant you that. Yes, yes, it’s the most comical thing in the world’ (Samuel Beckett). Wilde, Shakespeare and Beckett incorporate two genres in their plays that nursed a strong intrigue-interest (Jones, pg 26) – comedy and tragedy. According to Aristotle in his Poetics, tragedy in a play is an imitation of an action that is serious, complete and of a certain magnitude composed of plot, character, thought, diction, melody and spectacle, (Myers, pgRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello - Othello Or Better Known As The Tragedy Of Othello ``1180 Words   |  5 PagesAwa Fraser Ms.Milliner EES21QH02 1/14/17 Grit and Mindset in Othello Within the Shakespearean play entitled â€Å"Othello† or better known as â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello†, there are many instances where grit and mindset are displayed. Most of the characters possess these traits. This play is a tragedy, that basically displays the fruit of many people that have feelings for one person and that fruit is : jealousy. If it continues to germinate, it can ultimately have fatal effects. In my opinionRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s All The World s A Stage 1540 Words   |  7 PagesMegan Mackey Professor Raja Atallah English 1102 17 April 2017 Research Paper William Shakespeare once said, All the World’s a Stage —and now his quote can be applied to his literature within his tragedies (William Shakespeare 1). The generation of people today have a much different definition of tragedies than people did during the Shakespearean times. Shakespeare’s tragedies involve a protagonist whose character is developed so that it is clear that he is a heroic figure in the setting of theRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare757 Words   |  4 Pages The Tragedy of Othello by William Shakespeare William Shakespeare uses many literary devices to enhance and provide greater complexity in his works. More specifically, the theme, symbolism, and dramatic irony are used to enrich Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Othello. The plot is definitely engaging but the theme allows for an universal human correspondence, furthering the depth of the author’s message. The element of symbolism contributes to the theme of Shakespeare’s tragedy. Symbolism expressesRead MoreThe Concept Of Iago By William Shakespeare1163 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Concept of Iago† William Shakespeare’s plays all have a common theme: death. There is almost always death, and the play of â€Å"Othello† is no different since it ends in a â€Å"tragedy.† It begins with a man named Iago who speaks to Roderigo of how he should have received the position of lieutenant that was instead given to Cassio, a inexperienced man in his words, by Othello, the General. Iago shows distaste towards Othello, the play then goes through the story of Iago attempting to receive the positionRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare938 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Tragedy of Othello† is commonly considered one of Shakespeare s greatest tragedies and one of his finest works. In this play we see many literary devices at work. Several of these devices are involved in Iago’s deceitful plot against Othello that creates much suspense for the duration of the play. In â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello,† William Shakespeare uses symbolism, iro ny, and tone to create this classic drama. Symbols are central to understanding â€Å"Othello† as a play. There are two significantRead MoreEssay about Jealousy in Shakespeares Othello1581 Words   |  7 PagesJealousy in Othello  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Shakespeare is known for his exceptional ability to compose plays full of deceit, trickery, revenge, and jealousy. The play Othello, evolves around the theme of jealousy.    One of Shakespeares most credible characteristics in his writing is his ability to compose a play in which has a story that originates, and strides on lies. As theses lies were unraveled the central theme of his play became distinct, and clearly visible. The central theme wasRead More Irregularities in Othello1716 Words   |  7 PagesIrregularities in Othello  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   The Shakespearean tragedy Othello contains various irregularities of time and occurrence which cause the audience to scratch their head in wonder and doubt. Let us analyze some of these shortcomings in this essay.    In the Introduction to The Riverside Shakespeare Frank Kermode explains one of the difficulties in Othello:    Othello murders his wife on the second night in Cyprus. The difficulty, of which Shakespeare was clearly aware, arisesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Works Of Shakespeare1126 Words   |  5 Pages Before I start right off in this essay, I believe it s only fair you should know a little back story of the author himself; William Shakespeare. Shakespeare was born April 26, 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon, which is located in the United Kingdom. Even though his goals were to become an actor, he fell into writing and become one of the most well-known writers in his life. There s a lot of controversy surrounding Shakespeare and there s many people who believe that he, himself did not write his famous